This PR removes locking around commonly accessed node attributes that do
not need to be locked. The locking could cause nodes to TTL as the
heartbeat code path was acquiring a lock that could be held for an
excessively long time. An example of this is when Vault is inaccessible,
since the fingerprint is run with a lock held but the Vault
fingerprinter makes the API calls with a large timeout.

Fixes https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/issues/2689

Adding missing <

Deployment.GetDeployment ACL enforcement

Fix UUID search with hyphens

Prometheus metrics

Add ACL Bootstrap CLI

Fix restoration of stopped periodic jobs

sync acls

This PR fixes:
* UUID lookup with hyphens and odd length. The math was wrong. There is
now a test that ranges over all possible values.
* Fixes an unreported issue that could be hit when a job has more than 4
hyphens in it as UUID lookup doesn't allow that.

Fixes https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/issues/3141

Missing < for the TaskGroup

This PR fixes an issue in which we would add a stopped periodic job to
the periodic launcher.

Update the ACL guide description

Now it's about ACLs instead of outage recovery.

Fix permissions of $GOPATH in Vagrantfile

Vendor blake2b to allow for building on x386 architecture

Technically just the true->false is needed. The `chown -R` was a first
attempt that didn't fix the bug, but it's a nice simplification.